The origin of power electronics technology can be traced back to the late 1950s and early 1960s, and it began to be widely used in the power drive industry in the 1970s. Since the application of power electronics technology in the oil drilling and mining equipment industry, the driving mode of oil drilling machines has undergone a great change, and electrically driven drilling machines have appeared, especially the application of full-digital AC frequency conversion drive technology, which simplifies the mechanical structure of drilling machines, reduces maintenance work, improves safety, reliability and ease of use, and enables automation control and safety interlocking. The operation is convenient and flexible, and the fault diagnosis and maintenance are easy. At the same time, it is very advantageous to improve drilling efficiency, optimize drilling processes, and handle underground accidents, and has become the mainstream mode of drilling machines. After development, the performance of electrically driven drilling machines has approached perfection and maturity.
In order to meet the growing requirements of quality and efficiency, automation control technology is widely used in many industrial fields. The oil and natural gas industry also strives to achieve drilling automation to improve operation efficiency, ensure operation quality, improve operation capabilities and safety, and reduce operation costs. The emergence of automated oil drilling machines is a typical representative of the mature application of automation control technology in oil and gas drilling machines. Intelligent drilling is a highly evolved application of automation control technology in drilling machine systems. The drilling automation system has real-time adjustment of the drilling parameters based on uncertain environments, ground and underground data changes, and automatic drilling. Automatic drilling technology not only requires the drilling machine system to have computer-based control applicability and interactive control, but also data information management capabilities.
Sensing detection technology is the key to achieving automatic control, and the level of sensor detection technology largely affects the quality of the system. Initially, sensors were mainly used in instrument systems for monitoring process parameters during drilling, mainly various flow sensors and pressure transmitters. With the improvement of drilling machine control systems and the matching of various automation equipment in drilling machines, various advanced sensing detection technologies have been widely used in drilling machine systems, such as displacement sensors, various encoders, contact and non-contact probes that use ultrasound, infrared, electromagnetic and other advanced technologies as drilling machine supporting detection technologies.
The characteristics of drilling operations include harsh environments, heavy workloads, and high risk factors. With the application of various new technologies in oil drilling equipment, drilling machines will develop towards automation, intelligence, and informatization, providing equipment guarantees to reduce labor intensity and risk factors, and improve work efficiency in drilling operations. From a long-term development perspective, oil companies will use new technologies to improve efficiency and then reduce costs. Drilling contracting prices will consider the technical advancement and safety and reliability of equipment. It can be seen that strengthening the application of advanced industrial technology in drilling machines is very important. Oil drilling equipment manufacturing enterprises should increase scientific research investment and accelerate the application of new technologies in drilling machines in conjunction with drilling operation units.
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