Oil exploitation is an arduous project. Many mining tools are needed during oil exploitation. Oil well drilling tool is a common one. So what are the commonly used drilling tools in oil exploitation? Here is the brief introduction.
1. Kelly
The kelly is located at the uppermost end of the drill string, and its main function is to transmit torque and bear the total amount of the drill string. The end face of the driving part of the kelly is divided into square and regular hexagon. The square is the most used in oil drilling. The water eye is regular hexagon. Because the wall thickness is about three times larger than the drill pipe, it is made of high-strength alloy steel, so it has a high tensile strength and torsion strength.
2.Drill pipe
Drill pipe is the basic component of drill string, it is mainly used to transmit torque and transport drilling fluid. The pipe body and joint of the drill pipe currently in use are connected by butt welding. In order to increase the strength of the joint, the butt welded part at both ends of the pipe body is thickened. There are three types of thickening: inner thickening, outer thickening, and inner and outer thickening.
3. Extra-weight drill pipe
The characteristic of the extra-weight drill pipe is that the wall thickness is more than twice that of the ordinary drill pipe, the joint body is longer than the ordinary drill pipe, and there is a special wear-resistant roller in the middle of the pipe body.
4. Drill collar
The drill collar is one of the main components of the drill string. Its function is to provide the drill bit with a bit pressure and at the same time make the lower drill tool assembly have a greater rigidity, so that the drill bit works stably and helps overcome the well deviation problem.
5. Spiral dirll collar
The function of the auger drill collar is to reduce the occurrence of sticking and sticking. Three right-hand spiral grooves are machined on the outer cylinder of the round drill collar. There is a section of 305-560mm in the male threaded joint part and a 475-610mm round drill collar section with no grooving in the female threaded end joint part, and its weight is 4% less than that of the round drill collar of the same size.
6. Stablizer
1) Stabilizers are commonly known as centralizers. A certain number of stabilizers are placed in a suitable position in the drill string to form the lower drilling tool assembly of the drill string, which can prevent well deviation when drilling straight wells and control well trajectory when drilling directional wells.
2) The use of stabilizers can improve the working stability of the drill bit, thereby prolonging the service life of the drill bit, which is particularly important for diamond drill bits.
7. Non-magnetic drill collar
The structure of non-magnetic drill collars is the same as that of ordinary drill collars, but the chemical composition and mechanical properties are different from ordinary drill collars. Non-magnetic drill collars are oil well drilling tools with special functions in directional well engineering. When measuring the inclination angle and azimuth angle of the borehole with a magnetic inclinometer for directional wells, in order to prevent the compass from being affected by the magnetic field of the drill string, a certain length of non-magnetic drill collar must be equipped in the drill string so that the magnetic inclinometer is located in the non-magnetic field. Measure the inclination at a suitable position in the drill collar, otherwise the correct measurement result cannot be obtained.
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