Mud pump refers to the mechanical device that transports mud or water washing liquid into the borehole during drilling. Mud pump is an important component of drilling equipment.
In the commonly used positive circulation drilling, it is to flush the surface flushing medium-clean water, mud or polymer flushing liquid, at a certain pressure, directly to the bottom of the drill bit through high-pressure hoses, water taps, and the center hole of the drill rod, in order to achieve the purpose of cooling the drill bit, removing the cuttings and transporting them to the surface.
The commonly used mud pumps are piston or plunger pumps. The crankshaft of the power unit rotates the pump by driving the pump's crankshaft. The crankshaft drives the piston or plunger to reciprocate in the pump cylinder through the crosshead. The purpose of pumping and circulating the flushing liquid is achieved by the alternating action of suction and discharge valves.
The eddy currents and cavitation generated when the mud pump works to drive the water flow will inevitably produce large vibrations.
There are debris in the pump inlet pipe, impeller and the pump body is not fastened to the foundation, resulting in enhanced resonance.
The quality of the mud pump is not good, the rotor is unbalanced, the pump and the motor shaft are not concentric, and the rotor collides or rubs with the stator.
The equipment has been used for a long time, the pump is worn and aged, the impeller is loosened greatly, and the bearing is damaged or the clearance between the bearings is large.
Install a spring isolator. When installing a spring isolator on the mud pump, attention should be paid to the selection of its type and deflection.
Install a rubber vibration isolator. Chloroprene rubber is generally used for rubber vibration isolators. Compressed rubber shock absorbers are generally used. Shear rubber vibration isolators can be used for light-duty water pumps.
The mud pump is equipped with a base. In order to meet the increasingly strict sand pump vibration standards, installing a base and using a spring isolator is a good choice.
The two main parameters of mud pump performance are displacement and pressure. Displacement is calculated by the number of liters discharged per minute, which is related to the diameter of the borehole and the speed at which the required flushing liquid returns from the bottom of the hole. The bigger the aperture, the bigger the displacement. The rising speed of the flushing liquid is required to timely wash away the cuttings and powder of the drill bit from the bottom of the hole and reliably carry them to the surface. Pump pressure depends on the depth of the borehole, the resistance of the channel through which the flushing liquid passes, and the nature of the flushing liquid conveyed. The deeper the borehole, the greater the resistance, and the higher the required pressure. As the diameter and depth of the borehole change, the pump displacement can be adjusted at any time. There is a gearbox or hydraulic motor in the pump mechanism to adjust its speed to achieve the purpose of changing displacement. In order to accurately grasp the changes in pump pressure and displacement, flow meters and pressure gauges should be installed on the mud pump to allow everyone to understand the operation of the pump at any time and judge whether the hole situation is normal through pressure changes to prevent accidents in the hole.
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